Gum disease (also called periodontal disease) is an
infection of the tissues surrounding and supporting the
teeth. It is a major cause of tooth loss in adults. In fact,
after age 35, about three out of four adults are affected by
some form of gum disease.
Gum disease is caused by plaque, a sticky film of
bacteria that constantly forms on the teeth. These
bacteria create toxins that can damage the gums. In the
early stage of gum disease, called gingivitis, the gums
can become red, swollen and bleed easily. At this stage,
the disease is still reversible and can usually be
eliminated by daily brushing and flossing.
Because gum disease is usually painless, however, you
may not know you have it. In the more advanced stages
of gum disease, called periodontitis, the gums and bone
that support the teeth can become seriously damaged.
The teeth can become loose, fall out or have to be
removed by a dentist.
